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UN agency presses Japan for apology and compensation for WWII sex slavery
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A United Nations human rights agency is calling on Japan to guarantee independent investigations of wartime sex slavery and provide a public apology and compensation to the women who were victims.
UNÀÇ ÀαÇÀ§¿øȸ°¡ ÀϺ»¿¡ ÀüÀï ¼º³ë¿¹¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ Á¶»ç¸¦ º¸ÀåÇÏ°í ÇÇÇØÀÚ ¿©¼ºµé¿¡°Ô °ø°³ÀûÀÎ »ç°ú¿Í º¸»óÀ» Á¦°øÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ°í ³ª¼¹´Ù.
Some historians estimate that as many as 200,000 so-called comfort women, many from China and South Korea, were forced into the Imperial Japanese Army¡¯s brothels before and during the Second World War.
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The UN Human Rights Committee, which was reviewing the human-rights records of several countries, said on Thursday that all claims for reparation brought by victims before Japanese courts have been dismissed. It also said all complaints seeking criminal investigations and prosecutions have been rejected on grounds of the statute of limitations.
¿©·¯ ±¹°¡µéÀÇ ÀαDZâ·ÏÀ» °ËÅä ÁßÀÎ UN ÀαÇÀ§¿øȸ´Â ¸ñ¿äÀÏ ÇÇÇØÀÚµéÀÌ ÀϺ» ¹ý¿ø¿¡ Á¦±âÇÑ ¹è»ó ¼Ò¼ÛµéÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ±â°¢µÆ´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇß´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¹üÁËÀÚ ¼ö»ç ¹× ±â¼Ò¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç û¿øÀÌ °ø¼Ò½ÃÈ¿¸¦ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ±â°¢µÆ´Ù°í ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù.
¡°The Committee considers that this situation reflects ongoing violations of the victims¡¯ human rights, as well as a lack of effective remedies available to them as victims of past human rights violations,¡± the panel said, citing articles of the UN civil and political rights treaty ratified by Japan.
¡°À§¿øȸ´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óȲÀÌ °ú°Å ÀÎ±Ç Ä§ÇØÀÇ Èñ»ýÀÚÀÎ ±×µé¿¡°Ô Á¦°øµÈ È¿°úÀûÀÎ Á¶Ä¡µéÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇßÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±× Èñ»ýÀÚµéÀÇ ÀαÇÀ» Áö±Ýµµ °è¼ÓÇؼ ħÇØÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù¡±°í ±× ÆгÎÀº ÀϺ»¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ºñÁØµÈ UNÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎÀû Á¤Ä¡Àû ±Ç¸®±Ô¾àÀ» ÀοëÇÏ¿© ¸»Çß´Ù.
Last month, South Korea and China both protested against a review by Tokyo of a 1993 apology to the women, which found that Japan and South Korea had worked together on the wording of the apology. Nevertheless, officials from Prime Minister Abe on down have said Japan will not revise the statement.
Áö³´Þ, Çѱ¹°ú Áß±¹ ¾ç±¹Àº, ÀϺ»°ú Çѱ¹ÀÌ Çù·ÂÇÏ¿© ±× ¹®¾ÈÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇß´Ù°í ¹àÇôÁø, À§¾ÈºÎ ¿©¼ºµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ 1993³âÀÇ »ç°ú¹®À» ÀϺ»ÀÌ Àç°ËÅäÇÑ °Í¿¡ Ç×ÀÇÇß´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, ¾Æº£ ³»°¢ ÀÌ·¡·Î °ü·áµéÀº ±× ´ãȹ®À» ¼öÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù°í ¸»ÇØ¿Ô´Ù.
Japan also said compensation for women forced to work in the brothels was settled by a 1965 treaty establishing diplomatic ties with South Korea. In 1995, Japan set up a fund to make payments to the women from private contributions, but South Korea has said that was not official and so not enough.
ÀϺ»Àº ¶ÇÇÑ, ±× À§¾È¼Ò¿¡¼ ÀÏÇϵµ·Ï °Á¦µÈ ¿©¼ºµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸»óÀÌ Çѱ¹°ú ¿Ü±³°ü°è¸¦ È®¸³ÇÑ 1965³âÀÇ ÇùÁ¤À¸·Î ÇØ°áµÇ¾ú´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù. 1995³â, ÀϺ»Àº ¹Î°£ ±âºÎ±ÝÀ¸·Î ±× ¿©¼ºµé¿¡°Ô º¸»óÇÏ·Á Æݵ带 ¸¸µé¾úÁö¸¸, Çѱ¹Àº ±×°ÍÀÌ °ø½ÄÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¼ ÃæºÐÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í ¸»ÇØ¿Ô´Ù.
The UN committee on Thursday urged Japan to ¡°ensure that all allegations of sexual slavery or other human rights violations perpetrated by Japanese military during wartime against the ¡®comfort women¡¯ are effectively, independently and impartially investigated and that perpetrators are prosecuted and, if found guilty, punished.¡±
¸ñ¿äÀÏ¿¡ UNÀ§¿øȸ´Â ¡°Àü½Ã µ¿¾È ÀϺ»±º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±× ¡®À§¾ÈºÎ ¿©¼ºµé¡¯¿¡°Ô ÀúÁú·¯Áø ¼º³ë¿¹ÇøÀÇ¿Í ´Ù¸¥ ÀαÇħÇØ ÇøÀÇ°¡ È¿°úÀûÀÌ°í µ¶¸³ÀûÀÌ¸ç °øÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô Á¶»çµÇ°í, ±× °¡ÇØÀÚµéÀÌ ±â¼ÒµÇ°í À¯ÁË·Î ÆǸíµÇ¸é ó¹úµÇµµ·Ï ¹Ýµå½Ã ÇؾßÇÑ´Ù¡±°í ÀϺ»¿¡ Ã˱¸Çß´Ù.
The panel noted that Japan¡¯s position was ¡°contradictory¡±: it says the comfort women were generally recruited and transported through coercion, but they were not ¡°forcibly deported.¡±
±× ÆгÎÀº ÀϺ»ÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀÌ ¡°¸ð¼øµÆ´Ù¡±´Â Á¡¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇß´Ù: ÀϺ»Àº À§¾ÈºÎµéÀÌ °¾ÐÀ» ÅëÇØ ¸ðÁýµÇ°í À̵¿µÇ¾îÁ³Áö¸¸, ¡°°Á¦·Î ±¹¿Ü·Î º¸³»Á³´ø¡± °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
But such acts carried out against the will of the victims meant Japan had a ¡°direct legal responsibility,¡± said the committee, which is composed of 18 independent experts.
±×·¯³ª ÇÇÇØÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿¡ ¹ÝÇؼ ÀÌ·ïÁø ±×·± ÇàÀ§´Â ÀϺ»ÀÌ ¡°Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ¹ýÀû Ã¥ÀÓ¡±À» °®°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Àǹ̶ó°í µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ Àü¹®°¡ 18ÀÎÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â À§¿øȸ´Â ¸»Çß´Ù.
¡°The Committee is also concerned about re-victimization of the former comfort women by attacks on their reputations, including some by public officials and some that are encouraged by the state party¡¯s equivocal position,¡± the panel said.
±× ÆгÎÀº ¡°À§¿øȸ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÀϺΠ°øÁ÷ÀÚµé°ú Á¤ºÎ ´ç±¹ÀÚµéÀÇ ¾Ö¸Å¸ðÈ£ÇÑ Åµµ¿¡ °í¹«µÈ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ À§¾ÈºÎµéÀÇ ¸í¿¹¸¦ ÈѼÕÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ÀçÈñ»ýÀÚÈ¿¡ ´ëÇؼµµ ¿ì·ÁÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
The mayor of the Japanese city of Osaka said in May, 2013, that Japan¡¯s system of military brothels was ¡°necessary,¡± drawing outrage in China, where bitter memories of Japan¡¯s wartime aggression run deep.
2013³â 5¿ù¿¡ ÀϺ» ¿À»çÄ«ÀÇ ½ÃÀåÀº ÀϺ»ÀÇ ±º À§¾È¼Ò ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ¡°ÇÊ¿äÇß´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀϺ»ÀÇ Àü½Ãħ·«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ÆÇ ±â¾ïÀ» °®°í ÀÖ´Â Áß±¹¿¡¼ ºÐ³ë¸¦ °¡Áß½ÃÄ×´Ù.
The experts called for ¡°a public apology and official recognition of the responsibility¡± of Japan. Any attempts to defame victims or deny the events should be condemned, it added.
Àü¹®°¡µéÀº ÀϺ»ÀÇ ¡°°ø°³Àû »ç°ú¿Í Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ø½Ä ÀÎÁ¤¡±À» ¿ä±¸Çß´Ù. ÇÇÇØÀÚµéÀ» Çæ¶â°Å³ª »ç°ÇÀ» ºÎÁ¤ÇÏ·Á´Â ¾î¶² ½Ãµµµµ ±ÔźµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í µ¡ºÙ¿´´Ù.