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South Korea's political cyber war
Çѱ¹ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ »çÀ̹ö ÀüÀï
Since last year's presidential elections, rivalry in politics has been played out on the internet.
À۳⠴뼱 ÀÌÈÄ·Î ¿Â¶óÀλ󿡼± Á¤Ä¡°æÀïÀÌ ÆîÃÄÁ® ¿Ô´Ù.
South Korea's President Park Geun-hye is sucked into a cyber war that has dragged on since last year's presidential polls [AFP]
Çѱ¹ ¹Ú±ÙÇý ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Áö³ÇØ ´ë¼± ÀÌÈÄ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ °è¼ÓµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â »çÀ̹ö ÀüÀï¿¡¼ Çì¾î³ªÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Exactly a year ago, South Koreans were watching a hard-to-call presidential election unfold.
Á¤È®È÷ Àϳâ Àü Çѱ¹ÀεéÀº Á¢ÀüÀ» ¹ú¿´´ø ´ë¼±ÀÇ °á°ú°¡ ´« ¾Õ¿¡ ÆîÃÄÁö´Â °ÍÀ» º¸°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
A close race between the liberal opposition candidate, Moon Jae-in, and the daughter of a former dictator, Park Geun-hye, was at last playing out, with Ms Park appearing to have pulled away slightly in the final days.
Áøº¸¾ß´ç Èĺ¸ÀÎ ¹®ÀçÀΰú Àü µ¶ÀçÀÚÀÇ µþ ¹Ú±ÙÇý »çÀÌÀÇ Á¢ÀüÀÌ ÀÌÁ¦ ¸·¹ÙÁö¿¡ ´Ù´Þ¾Ò°í, ¹Ú±ÙÇý°¡ ¸¶Áö¸· ¸çÄ¥ ¾à°£ ¾Õ¼°í ÀÖ´Â °Íó·³ º¸¿´´Ù.
She had risen above accusations by her opponent's supporters that she had benefited from dirty tricks carried out by the country's intelligence agency.
¹Ú±ÙÇý´Â ±¹Á¤¿ø¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼öÇàµÈ ºñ°ÌÇÑ ¼úÃ¥ÀÇ ´öÀ» º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¾ß´ç ÁöÁöÀÚµéÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» ÀÌÁ¦ ¸· ¶³Ãij½ ÂüÀ̾ú´Ù.
Police had cleared the National Intelligence Service of an attempt to smear Mr Moon online – an act that would have broken its constitutionally-defined role, the terms of which bar it from meddling in politics.
°æÂûÀÌ ¹®ÀçÀÎ È常¦ ¿Â¶óÀÎ »óÀ¸·Î ºñ¹æÇß´ø ½Ãµµ- Á¤Ä¡°³ÀÔ ±ÝÁö¶ó´Â Çå¹ý¿¡ ¸í½ÃµÈ ±¹Á¤¿øÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» À§¹ÝÇÑ »ç¾ÈÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ» -·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¹Á¤¿øÀÌ ÇøÀÇ°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í ¸»ÇØÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
When the polls closed, Ms Park had won with 51.5 per cent of the vote, to Mr Moon's 48 per cent.
¼±°Å°á°ú°¡ ³ª¿ÔÀ» ¶§ ¹Ú±ÙÇý È帰¡ 51.5 ÆÛ¼¾Æ®·Î 48 ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¸¦ ¾òÀº ¹®ÀçÀÎ Èĺ¸¿¡ ½Â¸®Çß´Ù.
How different things look 12 months later. Since the summer, South Korea's national politics have been seized, in every sense, by the row over the last election.
12°³¿ùÀÌ Áö³ Áö±Ý, »ç½ÇµéÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ´Þ¶óÁ®¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö. ¿©¸§ ÀÌÈÄ Áö³ ´ë¼±¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³í¶õÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ Çѱ¹ ±¹³» Á¤Ä¡´Â ¸ðµç ¸é¿¡¼ ¸¶ºñµÇ¾î ¹ö·È´Ù.
On the anniversary of Park Geun-hye's victory, a military investigation into one arm of the establishment – the military's Cyber Command set up to counter North Korean internet attacks – has delivered its interim verdict.
¹Ú±ÙÇý ½Â¸®ÀÇ ÀÏÁÖ³âÀÌ µÇ´Â ³¯, ±ºÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎ¼·Î¼ ºÏÇÑÀÇ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý °ø°Ý¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¼³¸³µÈ »çÀ̹ö»ç·ÉºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±º ¼ö»çÀÇ Áß°£¹ßÇ¥°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù,
Eleven officials, including the head of the psychological warfare unit, are to be handed over to prosecutors for indictment. They're accused of posting nearly 300,000 comments on social networking sites, criticising Mr Moon and his Democratic United Party.
»çÀ̹ö ½É¸®Àü´ÜÀåÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ 11¸íÀÇ ¿ä¿øµéÀÌ ±â¼ÒµÇµµ·Ï °ËÂû¿¡ ³Ñ°ÜÁú ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº SNS »çÀÌÆ®¿¡ ¹®ÀçÀÎ Èĺ¸¿Í ¹ÎÁÖ´çÀ» ºñ³ÇÏ´Â °ÅÀÇ 30¸¸ °³ÀÇ ´ñ±ÛÀ» ´Ü ÇøÀǸ¦ ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
The senior man is alleged to have ordered his juniors to spread his anti-Moon writings, and to disregard political neutrality in their own online postings.
½É¸®Àü´ÜÀåÀº ¹®ÀçÀο¡ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â ±ÛÀ» À¯Æ÷ÇÒ °Í°ú ¿Â¶óÀÎ °Ô½Ã¹°¿¡¼ Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀÎ Á߸³À» ÁöÅ°¶ó´Â ±ÔÄ¢À» ¹«½ÃÇϵµ·Ï Àڱ⠺ÎÇϵ鿡 Áö½ÃÇß´Ù´Â ÇøÀǸ¦ ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
But in announcing all this the lead military investigator also cleared the present and former chiefs of Cyber Command of ordering the online activity, adding that nobody, the 11 accused included, had meddled in the election.
±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¸ç ¼±ÀÓ ±º ¼ö»ç°üÀº ±â¼Ò¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ 11¸íÀ» Æ÷ÇÔ ¾î´À ´©±¸µµ ¼±°Å¿¡ °³ÀÔÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°í µ¡ºÙÀÌ°í »çÀ̹ö»ç·ÉºÎÀÇ Çö ±×¸®°í ÀüÀÓ ÃÖ°í »ç·É°üÀº ¿Â¶óÀÎ ÀÛÀüÀ» Áö½ÃÇÑ ÇøÀÇ°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
'Shameless and absurd'
'Ȳ´çÇÏ°í »·»·'
More than enough for opposition politicians to cry foul. The renamed Democratic Party has called the interim conclusion "shameless and absurd".
À̸¸ÇÏ¸é ¾ß´ç Á¤Ä¡ÀεéÀÌ ¹ÝÄ¢À̶ó°í ¿ÜÄ¥ Á¤µµ°¡ µÇ°íµµ ³²´Â´Ù. À̸§À» ¹ÎÁÖ´çÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Û ¾ß´çÀº Áß°£¼ö»ç ¹ßÇ¥¸¦ "Ȳ´çÇÏ°í »·»·"ÇÏ´Ù°í Çß´Ù.
The party wants an independent inquiry into the whole matter – covering the actions of Cyber Command, and the National Intelligence Service.
¹ÎÁÖ´çÀº »çÀ̹ö»ç·ÉºÎ¿Í ±¹Á¤¿øÀÇ ºÒ¹ý ÇàÀ§¸¦ Æ÷°ýÇÏ¿© Àüü »ç°ÇÀ» Ư°ËÀ» ÅëÇØ Á¶»çÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿øÇÑ´Ù.
The NIS has for months been under investigation again, after a police chief was charged with withholding evidence in order to squash the initial claims against the agency.
°æÂûûÀåÀÌ ±¹Á¤¿ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ãʱâ ÇøÀǸ¦ ¾ø¾ÖÁÖ±â À§ÇØ Áõ°Å¸¦ ÀºÆóÇÑ ÇøÀ¸·Î ±â¼ÒµÈ ÀÌÈÄ, ±¹Á¤¿øÀÌ ¸î´Þ µ¿¾È ÀçÁ¶»ç¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
Prosecutors say the service sent some 1.2 million tweets, either attacking Mr Moon, or praising Ms Park.
°ËÂûÀº ±¹Á¤¿øÀÌ ¹®ÀçÀÎÀ» °ø°ÝÇϰųª ¹Ú±ÙÇý¸¦ Ī¼ÛÇÏ´Â ¾à ¹é 20¸¸°³ÀÇ Æ®ÀÀ» À¯Æ÷Çß´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
The President has consistently said that she did not ask for any such assistance, and has called on the opposition to allow the investigators to do their work.
´ëÅë·ÉÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀº ±×·± µµ¿òÀ» ¿äûÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í °Åµì ÁÖÀåÇß°í, ¼ö»ç°üµéÀÌ ÀڽŵéÀÇ ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¾ß´çÀº °¡¸¸È÷ ÀÖ¾î ´Þ¶ó ¿ä±¸Çß´Ù.
It hasn't stopped some opposition MPs from questioning the legitimacy of the election; one recently called on President Park to resign.
±×·¸´Ù°í ¾ß´ç ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿ø ¸î¸îÀÌ ¼±°ÅÀÇ ÇÕ¹ý¼º¿¡ Àǹ®À» Á¦±âÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ØÃß°Ô ÇÏÁö´Â ¸øÇß´Ù; ÇÑ ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀº ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ¹Ú´ëÅë·É¿¡°Ô »çÅðÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸Çß´Ù.
Last week the NIS submitted plans to reform itself to the National Assembly: its new chief reportedly offering regrets to the politicians for the trouble that his agency had caused.
Áö³ ÁÖ ±¹Á¤¿øÀº ±¹È¸¿¡ ÀÚü °³Çõ¾ÈÀ» Á¦ÃâÇß´Ù: »õ ±¹Á¤¿øÀåÀº ±¹Á¤¿øÀÌ ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´ø ¹®Á¦µé¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øµé¿¡°Ô À¯°¨À» Ç¥¸íÇß´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.
The plan includes less domestic spying, more severe punishment for agents guilty of political interference, and a ban on former spies joining any political party within three years of leaving the service.
±¹Á¤¿ø °³Çõ¾ÈÀº ±¹³» øº¸È°µ¿ÀÇ Ãà¼Ò¿Í, Á¤Ä¡ °£¼·¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á÷¿øµéÀÇ À¯Á˽à ´õ ½ÉÇÑ Ã³¹ú, ±×¸®°í ±¹Á¤¿ø Á÷¿øµéÀÌ ÅðÀÓ ÈÄ 3³â µ¿¾È¿¡´Â Á¤´ç °¡ÀÔÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù.
But questions remain over a system where military and government agents are charged not just with defending the state from physical and cyber attack, but challenging "anti-state" North Korean propaganda online.
±×·¯³ª ±º°ú Á¤ºÎ Á÷¿øµéÀÌ ¹°¸®Àû ¶Ç´Â »çÀ̹ö °ø°ÝÀ¸·Î ±¹°¡¸¦ ¹æ¾îÇÏ´Â °Í »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿Â¶óÀο¡¼ "Àû±¹ÀÎ" ºÏÇÑÀÇ ¼±Àü È°µ¿¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇؾßÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ ¹®Á¦´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Ù.
It leaves the line between legitimate activity and political meddling blurred at best.
ÁÁ°Ô º¸¾Æµµ ÇÕ¹ýÀû È°µ¿°ú Á¤Ä¡ °³ÀÔ»çÀÌÀÇ °æ°è´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¸ðÈ£ÇÏ´Ù.