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[Abstract]
A study on the location of the Cheonri Long Wall of Goguryoe
Kim, Taeyoung
The purpose of this paper is to clarify that Goguryoe¡¯s 1000-Ri Long Wall was laid in the northern part of Sanseo(Shanxi) province, which was the territory of Goguryoe. First of all, we brought up the problem that the 1000-Ri Long Wall of Goguryoe was located on the Yonyoung peninsula by the Academic World of Korean History.
To prove historical evidence about the locations of geographical features, we closely investigated, reviewed, analyzed, and cross-examined the primary sources such as ¡ºSangseo¡» ¡¸Ukong¡¹, ¡ºYeosichunchu¡» ¡¸Yoosiram¡¹, ¡ºHoenamja¡» ¡¸Jihyunghoon¡¹ and historical records such as ¡ºSuseo¡», ¡ºGudangseo¡», ¡ºSindangseo¡», ¡ºNamsa¡», and various geographical dictionaries as well. As a result, we discovered that the core territory of Goguryoe was Sanseo province, which was not only called Gojukguk, but also Giju, Yuju, and Yoseo, as time elapsed.
We verify that all the geographical names and locations related to the war between Su•Dang and Goguryoe, such as Yosu(Aproksu), Sea(Hwangha River), Masu mountain, Jupil mountain, Youseong, Takrok, Yimyoogwan, Tongjungjin, Hoewonjin, Hwingsan, Yourim ect., existed and were located in Seomseo(Shanxi), Sanseo, and Hanam province. Geographically, the Sanseo province, which had all the capitals of Goguryoe was encompassed by the Hwangha River from westward Seomseo and southward Hanam, and the easterly the Taehang mountain, so-called the natural fortress, except for the northern part of Sanseo province, which was vulnerable to enemy¡¯s infiltration. Therefore, we ascertained the fact that Goguryoe had to build the 1000-Ri Long Wall along the border of Inner Mongolia to protect them from enemies. This Long Wall was erected from the east-northern Buyeoseong to west-southern Hwangha River, ranging from 1000-Ri, as we verified and explained by a diagram.
Based on historical sources, we confirmed that the waterhead of the Yosu(Aproksu) from Malgalbaeksan flows down southerly and then westerly into the Hwangha River. These historical sources revealed that along the Aproksu, Guknaeseong and Pyungyangseong existed on the right hand side of the Aproksu, and that Ansiseong positioned at the point flowing westerly into the Hwangha River. The Yoha, located in Yonyoung province, first appeared in AD938 during Yo dynasty, which is quite different from Yosu(Aproksu) of Goguryoe.
We also verified that Sanhaegwan, in the area between Habuk and Yonyoung province, presumed by the Academic World of Korean History, was not Imyoogwan, and was explained by a diagram. Accordingly, we proved, on the basis of the primary and secondly sources, that the 1000-Ri Long Wall of Goguryoe argued, up until now, by the Academic World of Korean History, is entirely groundless and fiction after all.
Key words: 1000-Ri Long Wall, Yonyoung, Yuju, Yoseo, Gojukguk, Noryoung, Imyoohyun, Yosu(Aproksu), Pyungyangseong, Guknaeseong, Ansiseong, Hwangha, Dolgwal
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