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by ±èÅÂȯ | 21.07.16 05:20

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1945³â8¿ù 15ÀÏ Á¤¿À¿¡ ¹æ¼ÛÀ» ÅëÇØ ÀÏ¿ÕÀÇ Ç׺¹ ¼±¾ðÀÌ ÀÖÀº ÈÄ ÇعæÀÌ ¹Ù·Î µ¶¸³ÀÎ ÁÙ ¾Ë°í Á¶¼±ÀεéÀº ±â»µÇßÀ¸³ª ±×±â°£Àº ºÒ°ú 20¿©ÀÏ¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. (ÀÏÁ¦ ½Ã´ë¶§ ÀϺ»ÀεéÀÌ Çѱ¹, Çѱ¹ÀÎ ´ë½Å¿¡ Á¶¼± Á¶¼±ÀÎÀ̶ó Ç¥ÇöÇؼ­ ´ëÇѹα¹ Á¤ºÎ ¼ö¸³±îÁö ±×´ë·Î Åë¿ëµÇ¾î¼­ ¿©±â¼­µµ ±×´ë·Î »ç¿ëÇÔÀ» ¾çÇØÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.)

 

9¿ù 8ÀÏ¿¡ ÀÎõÀ» ÅëÇØ ¹Ì±¹±ºÀÌ Çѹݵµ ºÏÀ§38µµ¼± À̳²¿¡ ÁøÁÖÇÔ°ú Åë½Ã¿¡ ¡®Æ÷°í·É 1È£¡¯¸¦ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ À屺ÀÇ À̸§À¸·Î ¼±Æ÷ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀϺ»À» ´ëüÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ½Ä¹ÎÀÚ°¡ µîÀåÇÑ °ÍÀ» º¸°í ±×´ç½Ã ¿ì¸® ¼±Á¶µéÀÇ µé¶á ºÐÀ§±â´Â Âø °¡¶ó¾É°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

 

Æ÷°í¹® (ÁÖ 1: Àü¹®Àº ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ÷ºÎÇÔ)Àº ¸Å¿ì À§¾ÐÀû ¿ë¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇß°í, ƯÈ÷ ³î¶ø°Ô ÇÏ´Â »ç½ÇÀº °ø¿ë¾î´Â ¿µ¾î¶ó°í ¸ø¹Ú¾Ò´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±× ´ç½Ã ¿ì¸® Á¶¼±ÀεéÀÇ ¹®¸Í·üÀÌ ³ô¾Ò´Âµ¥ ÇϹ°¸ç ¿µ¾î¸¦ ÀÌÇØ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª µÇ¾ú°Ú½À´Ï±î?

 

±× ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î´Â Á¡·ÉÇÑ´Ù(OCCUPY), ³» ¸í·É¿¡ º¹Á¾Ç϶ó(OBEY MY ORDERS), ~¾öÁß Ã³¹ú( ~BE PUNISHED SEVERELY) µîµîÀ¸·Î ¼±·®ÇÑ Á¶¼±ÀεéÀ» ¸¶Ä¡ ÀÏÁ¦°¡ Ä®Âù ¼ø»çµé°ú Ç庴µé·Î À§¾ÐÇß´ø °Íó·³ ¹Ì±¹Àº ÃÑÄ® Á¤µµ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿ÏÀü ¹«ÀåÇÑ ±º´Ü º´·ÂÀÌ Çѹݵµ ³²ºÎ¸¦ Á¡·ÉÇÏ°í ¸Æ¾Æ´õÀÇ ¸í·ÉÀ» º¹Á¾ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ°í À§¹Ý½Ã¿¡´Â ¾öÁßÈ÷ ó¹ú ¹Þ´Â´Ù°í ±â¸¦ ²ª¾î ³õ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

 

ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ Æ÷°í¹®Àº ¡°Àû´çÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ Á¶¼±ÀÌ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°í µ¶¸³±¹ÀÌ µÈ´Ù¡±´Â Ä«ÀÌ·Î ¼±¾ð ¹®±¸¸¦ ¸¶Áö¸øÇØ Àû¾î ³õ±ä ÇßÀ¸³ª, ¿ì¸®(¹Ì±º)°¡ ÀϺ»Á¦±¹ÀÇ Ç׺¹¿¡ µû¸¥ ÀϺ»±º Ç׺¹¹®¼­ Á¶Ç× ÀÌÇàÀ» À§ÇØ Á¶¼± ³²ºÎ¸¦ ¡°Á¡·É(OCCUPY)¡±ÇÏ´Ï Áö±ÝºÎÅÍ ³»°¡ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚÀ̹ǷΠ³»¸í·ÉÀ» µû¶ó¾ßÇÏ°í À§¹ÝÇÒ ½Ã¿¡´Â ¾ö¹ú¿¡ óÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÏ¸ç ±ºÁ¤ ½Ç½Ã¸¦ °øÇ¥ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌó·³ ±º»ç ÅëÄ¡¸¦ ¹àÈ÷´Â ±º´ë°¡ Á¡·É±ºÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¹¹¶ó´Â ¸»ÀԴϱî?

 

Á¦2ÆíÀÇ Æ®·ç¸Õ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ »ç°ú¹®¿¡µµ ¹Ì±ºÀ» ¡°Á¡·É±º(OCCUPYING FORCES)¡±À̶ó°í ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. »ç´ëÁÖÀÇÀÚµéÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸í¹éÇÑ Á¡·É±ºÀ» ¼±Á¶°¡ ÀÓÁø³­¶§ ¿ø±ºÀ¸·Î µé¾î¿Â ¸í±ºÀ» »ý°¢ÇϵíÀÌ ÃµÁ¶±¹ »ó¿Õ±º´ë¶ó ºÎ¸£Áö ¸øÇؼ­ ¾È´ÞÇÏ´Â µí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

 

ȤÀÚ´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Á¶¼±À» µ¶¸³½ÃÅ°·ÁÇß´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (Á¡·ÉÃʱâºÎÅÍ) ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¿Ö°îÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹Ì±¹Àº Ä«ÀÌ·Î ¼±¾ð¿¡¼­µµ ¹Ù·Î µ¶¸³ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àû´çÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡(IN DUE COURSE) µ¶¸³½ÃÅ°°Ú´Ù°í ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼­ ¡°Àû´çÇÑ ½Ã±â¡±´Â ¡°ÀÏÁ¤±â°£ÀÇ ½ÅŹÅëÄ¡ ±â°£ÀÌ Áö³ª¼­¡±¸¦ ¶æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î, ¹Ì±¹Àº ´ç½Ã Á¶¼±ÀεéÀÇ ÀÚÄ¡´É·ÂÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ´Ù°í ÀνÄÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

 

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½ÅŹ ÅëÄ¡ °³³äÀº ·ÎÁƮ ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ÀÏ°üµÈ Á¶¼±°ü·Ã Á¤Ã¥À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥µµ, »ï»óȸ´ã ¹ßÇ¥°¡ ³ª¿ÀÀÚ ¼ÒÀ§ ¹ÎÁ· ½Å¹®À¸·Î ÀÚóÇØ¿Â µ¿¾ÆÀϺ¸°¡ ½ÅŹ ÅëÄ¡¾ÈÀº ¼Ò·ÃÃø ±¸»óÀ̶ó´Â ´Ü±ºÀÌ·¡ ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ¿Àº¸¸¦ ³Â´Âµ¥µµ, ´ç½Ã Á¤º¸ÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Çù¼ÒÇؼ­ ±×°ÍÀÌ ÀǵµµÈ ¿Àº¸¶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ ¹àÇôÁø °ÍÀº ¼ö½Ê³âÀÌ Áö³ª¼­¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

*** ¶Ç ÇÑ °¡Áö ³î¶ó¿î »ç½ÇÀº Á¾ÀüÀÌ µÇ±âµµ ÀüÀÎ 1945³â 5¿ù 28ÀÏ ¹Ì±¹Àº ȩŲ½º (Hopkins) Ư»ç¸¦ ÅëÇØ ½ºÅ»¸°¿¡°Ô Á¶¼±ÀÇ 4°³±¹ (¹Ì,¼Ò, ¿µ,Áß) ½ÅŹÅëÄ¡ Àǻ縦 Àü´ÞÇÏ¿© ±×ÀÇ µ¿ÀǸ¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù´Â ±¸ÀýÀÌ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù. (ÁÖ 2: FRUS 1945 Korea P 1095 Item 4)

 

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¹Ì±ºÀÇ Çѹݵµ À̳² Á¡·É°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¹Ì±ºÀÇ Çʸ®ÇÉ Á¡·Éµµ ÇÔ²² Á¶¸íÇغ¼ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 1898³â¿¡ ¹Ì±¹°ú ½ºÆäÀΰ£¿¡ ÀüÀïÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁ® ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ ½Â¸®Çؼ­ ¹Ì±¹Àº Äí¹Ù¿Í Ǫ¿¡¸£Å丮ÄÚ¸¦ Á¡·ÉÇß°í ÅÂÆò¾ç¿¡¼­´Â Çʸ®ÇÉÀ» Á¡·ÉÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì±¹Àº Äí¹Ù¸¦ ÈÄ¿¡ µ¶¸³½ÃÄÑÁáÀ¸³ª Ǫ¿¡·ÎÅ丮ÄÚ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ½Ä¹Î·É(ãÕÚÅÖÅ)À¸·Î À¯ÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

 

´ç½Ã Çʸ®ÇÉÀº ½Ä¹Î±¹ÀÎ ½ºÆäÀΰú µ¶¸³ ÀüÀïÀ» Ä¡·ç°í ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ ½ºÆäÀΰú ÀüÀïÀ» ¹úÀÌÀÚ Çʸ®ÇÉ µ¶¸³±ºÀÌ ¹Ì±º¿¡ ÇùÁ¶Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ À̱â¸é ÀڽŵéÀ» µ¶¸³½ÃÄÑÁÙ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëÇ߱⠶§¹®À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

 

±×·¯³ª, ¹Ì±ºÀº ½Â¸®ÇÏ°íµµ Çʸ®ÇÉÀ» µ¶¸³½ÃÄÑ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Çʸ®ÇÉ µ¶¸³±ºÀº À̹ø¿¡´Â ÃѺθ®¸¦ ¹Ì±¹À» °Ü³ÉÇÏ°í µ¶¸³ ÀïÃ븦 À§ÇÑ ÅõÀïÀ» Àü°³Çß½À´Ï´Ù. °ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î µ¶¸³ÅõÀï ´ëÇ¥¸¦ üÆ÷ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î (1902³â 7¿ù 4ÀÏ) ÀüÀïÀÌ ³¡³­ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¼±Æ÷ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª ³ª¸ÓÁö º´·ÂÀÌ °Ô¸±¶ó ÀüÅõ¸¦ ¹ú¿©¼­ ½Î¿òÀÌ ¿À·¡ °è¼ÓµÇ¾ú°í, ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÑ Àθí ÇÇÇØ°¡ Àû°Ô´Â 20¸¸¸í, ¸¹°Ô´Â 50¸¸¸íÀÌ ³Ñ´Â´Ù°íµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×¾ß¸»·Î ¹«ÀÚºñÇÑ ÇлìÀ» ÀÚÇàÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì±¹Àº Ç×»ó ÀÚ¾Ö·Î¿î ±º´ë¸¦ ¿î¿ëÇß´Ù°í Âø°¢ÇÏ´Â ÀϺΠÀλçµéÀº ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ³ÃȤÇÑ »ç½ÇÀ» ¾Ë°í´Â ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î¿ä?

 

¿©·¯ µ¶ÀÚºÐµé °¡¿îµ¥ ¡®ÅÂÇÁÆ®-Ä«Ã÷¶ó ¹Ð¾à¡¯À» µé¾î º¸¼ÌÀ»ÅÙµ¥, ³»¿ëÀº ¹Ì±¹Àº ÀϺ»ÀÌ Á¶¼±¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ¿µÇâ·Â Çà»ç¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ°í µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÀϺ»Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Çʸ®ÇÉ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ¿µÇâ·Â Çà»ç¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Çѱ¹¿¡ Ç×»ó ¿ìÈ£ÀûÀÌÁö¸¸Àº ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù´Â Á¡À» Àϱú¿ö ÁÝ´Ï´Ù.

 

±×·±µ¥, ¹Ì±ºÀÌ Çʸ®ÇÉÀ» ½Ç·ÂÀ¸·Î Á¡°ÅÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼­ ¿Ö ÅÂÇÁÆ®-Ä«Ã÷¶ó ¹Ð¾àÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇßÀ»±î¿ä. ±×°ÍÀÌ ±Ã±ÝÇߴµ¥, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ±× ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æ³Â½À´Ï´Ù.

 

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µû¶ó¼­, »ç½Ç»ó Æ÷°í·É 1È£´Â Á¾ÀüÀÇ ÀÏÁ¦ ½Ä¹ÎüÁ¦¿¡¼­ ¹Ì±¹À¸·Î ´ëüÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ½Ä¹Î üÁ¦ ÃâÇöÀÇ ½ÅȣźÀ¸·Î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

 

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ÀÌó·³ ½Ä¹Î ÅëÄ¡ÀÚµéÀº ÇöÁö ¹°Á¤À» ¸ð¸¥Ã¤ ÀÚ±â½ÄÀ¸·Î¸¸ »ý°¢Çؼ­ µû¶ó¿À¶ó°í ÇÏ´Â ¾îó±¸´Ï ¾ø´Â ¾÷Àû(?)À» ³²°å½À´Ï´Ù.

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Copyright¨Ï 2021 Teddy Kim All Rights Reserved.

 

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ÀϺ»±¹ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿¬ÇÕ±¹¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹«Á¶°ÇÇ׺¹Àº ¿ì Á¦±¹(ð³ÏÐ) ±º´ë°£¿¡ ¿À·§µ¿¾È ¼ÓÇàµÇ¾î¿Â ¹«·ÂÅõÀïÀ» ³¡³Â´Ù.

 

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ÅÂÆò¾ç ¹æ¸é ¹Ì±¹ À°±ººÎ´ë ÃÑ»ç·É°üÀÎ ³ª¿¡°Ô ºÎ¿©µÈ ±ÇÇÑÀ¸·Î ³ª´Â ÀÌ¿¡ ºÏÀ§ 38µµ À̳²ÀÇ Á¶¼±°ú ±×°÷ÀÇ Á¶¼±Áֹο¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±º»çÀû °ü¸®¸¦ ÇÏ°íÀÚ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Á¡·ÉÁ¶Ç×À» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù.

 

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1945³â 9¿ù 7ÀÏ

ÅÂÆò¾ç¹æ¸é ¹Ì±¹ À°±ººÎ´ë ÃÑ»ç·É°ü ´õ±Û·¯½º ¸Æ¾Æ´õ

 

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To the People of Korea:

 

As Commander-in-chief, United State Army Forces, Pacific, I do hereby proclaim as follows:

 

By the terms of the Instrument of Surrender, signed by command and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese Government and by command and in behalf of the Japanese Imperial General headquarters, the victorious military forces of my command will today occupy the territory of Korea south of 38 degrees north latitude.

 

Having in mind the long enslavement of the people of Korea and the determination that in due course Korea shall become free and independent, the Korean people are assured that purpose of the occupation is to enforce the Instrument of Surrender and to protect them in their personal and religious rights. In giving effect to these purposes, your active aid and compliance are required.

 

By virtue of the authority vested in me as Commander-in-Chief, United States Army Forces, Pacific, I hereby establish military control over Korea south of 38 degrees north latitude and the inhabitants thereof, and announce the following conditions of the occupation:

 

Article I

All Powers of Government over the territory of Korea south of 38 degrees north latitude and the people thereof will be for the present exercised under my authority.

 

Article II

Until further orders, all governmental, public and honorary functionaries and employees, as well as all officials and employees, paid of voluntary, of all public utilities and services, including public welfare and public health, and all other persons engaged in essential services, shall continue to perform their usual functions and duties, and shall preserve and safeguard all records and property.

 

Article III

All persons will obey promptly all my orders and orders issued under my authority. Acts of resistance to the occupying forces or any acts which may disturb public peace and safety will be punished severely.

 

Article IV

Your property rights will be respected. You will pursue your normal occupations, except as I shall otherwise order.

 

Article V

For all purposes during the military control, English will be the official language. In event of any ambiguity or diversity of interpretation or definition between any English and Korean or Japanese text, the English text shall prevail.

 

Article VI

Further proclamations, ordinances, regulations, notices, directives and enactments will be issued by me or under my authority, and will specify what is required of you.

 

Seventh day of September 1945

Douglas MacArthur Commander-in-Chief, United States Army Forces, Pacific  <»ó±â ÇÑ±Û ¹× ¿µ¾îº»¹® À§Å°¹é°ú ÀüÀç>


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